Title: Chapter 07: Buddhism
Course: World Religions, 2e

Q: What is used to determine the time of most of the Buddhist gatherings?
- sun
- moon
- weather
- a spinning wheel
- hexagrams
A: moon

Q: What form of Buddhism emphasizes the male and female sexual forces (tantra)?
- Yogachara
- Madhyamika
- Vajrayana
- Zen
- Theravada
A: Vajrayana

Q: The Buddhist community experienced its first major split as a result of what controversy?
- monastic rules
- use of images
- divinity of the Buddha
- use of the Vedas
- relationship to the Jains
A: monastic rules

Q: How many non-Mayahana schools are traditionally thought to have existed?
- 2
- 3
- 12
- 18
- 100
A: 18

Q: Which element of Hinduism is rejected by Buddhists?
- reincarnation
- gods and goddesses
- karma
- caste system
- heaven, hell, and the human realm
A: caste system

Q: What school is dominant in Southern Buddhism?
- Yogachara
- Zen
- Madhyamaka
- Vajrayana
- Theravada
A: Theravada

Q: What Buddhist school speaks of a Western Paradise?
- Pure Land
- Mahayana
- Theravada
- Yogachara
- Vajrayana
A: Pure Land

Q: Where is Mahayana Buddhism most dominant?
- India
- Sri Lanka
- China and Japan
- Burma
- Thailand
A: China and Japan

Q: With what group is the martial art of kung-fu associated?
- Yogachara
- Vajrayana
- Pure Land
- Ch’an
- Confucianism
A: Ch’an

Q: What is another name for the Vajrayana school of Buddhism?
- Diamond Vehicle
- Greater Vehicle
- Lesser Vehicle
- Pure Land
- Rinzai
A: Diamond Vehicle

Q: Which form of Buddhism is known as the Doctrine of the Elders?
- Vajrayana
- Theravada
- Mahayana
- Zen
- Pure Land
A: Theravada

Q: What is done in the Buddhist Kathina ceremony?
- monks are ordained
- prayers are made for the dead
- the Buddha’s birth is celebrated
- Kuan-yin’s birthday is celebrated
- laity bring robes and other supplies for the monks
A: laity bring robes and other supplies for the monks

Q: What aspect of Buddhism clashed most with Confucian ideals?
- compassion
- monasticism
- liberation
- meditation
- the divine Buddha nature
A: monasticism

Q: What important responsibility did the Dalai Lama once have?
- leader of all Buddhist groups
- leader of all Buddhist monasteries
- advisor to the Tibetan king
- ruler of Tibet
- advisor to the Chinese emperor
A: ruler of Tibet

Q: What does the term bodhisattva mean?
- compassionate one
- a seated statue of the Buddha
- enlightenment of being/person
- a Buddhist monk
- wise one
A: enlightenment of being/person

Q: What is the term for one who has attained enlightenment in Theravada Buddhism?
- bodhisattva
- lama
- bhikshu
- bodhi
- arhat
A: arhat

Q: What is the traditional primary support for Buddhist monks?
- daily gifts of food in the monk’s begging bowls
- a death tax on wealthy Buddhists
- monastic industries
- revenue from lands the Buddha owned
- fees for religious services
A: daily gifts of food in the monk’s begging bowls

Q: What is distinctive about membership in the Buddhist Sangha?
- is restricted to priests
- is prohibited to women
- rejects the caste system of Hinduism
- is restricted to Indians
- is restricted to pacifists
A: rejects the caste system of Hinduism

Q: What was the personal name of the Buddha?
- Arjuna
- Padmasambhava
- Siddhartha
- Ashoka
- Bodhidharma
A: Siddhartha

Q: Who was Ashoka?
- a Chinese Buddhist emperor
- a Japanese Buddhist emperor
- the Buddha’s father
- the Buddha’s mother
- an Indian Buddhist emperor
A: an Indian Buddhist emperor

Q: Who was Siddhartha Gautama?
- Confucius
- the main character in the Gita
- the king who supported Buddhism in India
- the Buddha
- the founder of Zen Buddhism
A: the Buddha

Q: Into what kind of intellectual world was the Buddha born?
- vigorous and novel speculation
- state-controlled and sponsored religion
- rigorous traditionalism
- foreign ideas from the invasions of the Aryans
- new ideas from contact with China
A: vigorous and novel speculation

Q: What does the term Vesak identify?
- a festival celebrating the Buddha’s birth and life
- the Hindu New Year
- the ordination ceremony of a Buddhist monk
- a caste in Hinduism
- the burial site of the Buddha
A: a festival celebrating the Buddha’s birth and life

Q: In what time period is the Buddha traditionally thought to have been born?
- 2000 BCE
- 500s BCE
- 100 BCE
- 100 CE
- 500 CE
A: 500s BCE

Q: The Dalai Lama is the leader of what form of Buddhism?
- Japanese
- Korean
- Thai
- Tibetan
- Sri Lankan
A: Tibetan

Q: Who founded the Buddhist school of Madhyamaka?
- the Dalai Lama
- Ashoka
- Nagarjuna
- Asanga
- Padmasambhava
A: Nagarjuna

Q: What are the architectural mounds containing Buddhist relics and commemorative materials called?
- pyramids
- sangha
- temples
- bodhis
- stupas
A: stupas

Q: What is the chief form of religion in Sri Lanka?
- Mahayana Buddhism
- Hinduism
- Jainism
- Sikhism
- Theravada Buddhism
A: Theravada Buddhism

Q: According to some accounts, when did Sri Lanka convert to Buddhism?
- during the lifetime of the Buddha
- around the time of Emperor Ashoka
- in the 200s CE
- during the rise of the Sikh movement
- Sri Lanka never converted to Buddhism
A: around the time of Emperor Ashoka

Q: Where was the main area of the Buddha’s teaching?
- Nepal
- Tibet
- Sri Lanka
- the plain of the Ganges River
- Thailand
A: the plain of the Ganges River

Q: The birthplace of the historical Buddha is in what country?
- Pakistan
- Nepal
- India
- Tibet
- Thailand
A: Nepal

Q: What best describes Buddhist rites of passages?
- follows traditions of the local cultures
- new, rejecting past practice of the local culture
- borrowed from Hinduism, imposed on local culture
- uniform throughout the Buddhist world
- only observed in Theravada Buddhism
A: follows traditions of the local cultures

Q: What do laypeople place in the bowls of Buddhist monks?
- money
- written prayer requests
- salt
- food
- gems and semiprecious stones
A: food

Q: What does Sangha Day commemorate?
- the Buddha’s birth
- the Buddha’s enlightenment
- the last meeting of the Sangha before the schism
- the first gathering the Sangha
- the end of the rainy season
A: the first gathering the Sangha

Q: What rituals are generally performed by Buddhist monks?
- birth
- naming
- marriage
- death
- adulthood
A: death

Q: What is suggested by a Buddha image that is seated, cross-legged, with palms in lap facing upwards?
- enlightenment
- the struggle with a demon
- meditation
- the beginning of the teaching
- death
A: meditation

Q: What is the Dharma Chakra?
- the eight-spoked wheel in Buddhism
- the rules for a Buddhist monk
- the rules for a Hindu caste
- a Buddhist text
- a Hindu text
A: the eight-spoked wheel in Buddhism

Q: What is frequently used for the throne of the Buddha in Buddhist iconography?
- a stupa
- an elephant
- an eight-spoked wheel
- a lotus flower
- branches from a bodhi tree
A: a lotus flower

Q: What does a bodhi tree in Buddhism recall?
- the Buddha’s birth
- the Buddha’s death
- the establishment of the first monastery
- the Buddha’s repudiation of his princely rights
- the Buddha’s enlightenment
A: the Buddha’s enlightenment

Q: What symbol is used to show the emergence of an individual undefiled from the midst of samsara?
- lotus flower
- bodhi tree
- lion
- om
- wheel
A: lotus flower

Q: What is a mudra?
- a Buddhist chant
- a Buddhist temple
- a symbolic posture of a Buddha image
- a structure holding a relic of the Buddha
- a part of the Buddhist canon
A: a symbolic posture of a Buddha image

Q: In the stylized image of the Buddha where he sits cross-legged with his left hand in his lap, where is his right hand?
- reaching up to touch his lips
- reaching up to cover his eyes
- reaching down to touch the earth
- extended, holding a book
- extended, with finger pointing in front
A: reaching down to touch the earth

Q: How many signs are there of the Buddha’s extraordinary or divine nature that can be found in Buddha images?
- 8
- 12
- 4
- 32
- 10,000
A: 32

Q: In the wheel-turning posture, if the left index finger and thumb touch to form a circle, how is the right hand positioned?
- index finger pointing outward
- index finger pointing upward
- flat, with palm down
- flat, with palm up
- index finger and thumb in same position
A: index finger and thumb in same position

Q: What is celebrated at Vesak?
- the Buddhist New Year
- the Buddha’s birth and enlightenment
- the Jain New Year
- the Hindu New Year
- the birth of the Buddhist Emperor Ashoka
A: the Buddha’s birth and enlightenment

Q: What does the term Dharma Chakra mean?
- wheel of the law
- wheel of fortune
- wheel of good fortune
- wheel of fate
- wheel of liberation
A: wheel of the law

Q: What is a mantra?
- ritual hand gesture
- symbolic cosmic map
- sacred utterance or formula
- gate to a Shinto shrine
- a book of religious verse
A: sacred utterance or formula

Q: The Buddha is often referred to as Shakyamuni. What does this term mean?
- the Enlightened One
- the Compassionate One
- the Teacher of Truth
- sage of the Shakya kingdom
- the Noble Revealer
A: sage of the Shakya kingdom

Q: What was the earliest primary content of a stupa?
- monks
- nuns
- images of the Buddha
- some of the Buddha’s cremated remains
- Buddhist texts
A: some of the Buddha’s cremated remains

Q: What is a vihara?
- Buddhist temple
- Buddhist monastery
- Hindu monastery
- Hindu temple
- Jain monastery
A: Buddhist monastery

Q: All Buddhists take refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Sangha. These collectively are known as:
- the Three Baskets.
- the Trinity.
- the Three Paths.
- the Three Keys.
- the Three Jewels.
A: the Three Jewels.

Q: What is the Buddhist community called?
- sangha
- bodhi
- council
- pagoda
- the Great Vessel
A: sangha

Q: The word buddha means:
- disciple.
- victor.
- enlightened.
- master.
- the peaceful one.
A: enlightened.

Q: What is a mandala?
- ritual hand gesture
- sacred chant
- prayer wheel
- symbolic cosmic map
- a Tibetan Buddhism monk
A: symbolic cosmic map

Q: What is another name for Bardo Thodol?
- Tibetan Buddhism
- Book of the Dead
- Song of the Dharma
- the Three Jewels
- the Three Baskets
A: Book of the Dead

Q: The Buddhism of Tibet was at one time called:
- Lamaism.
- Zen.
- Tendai.
- Dalaism.
- Pure Land.
A: Lamaism.

Q: What is a bhikshu?
- Buddhist monk
- Buddhist nun
- Buddhist monastic robe
- Buddhist fast
- Buddhist festival
A: Buddhist monk

Q: What are the Three Baskets?
- the primary refuges of Mahayana Buddhism
- the three main schools, or vehicles, of Buddhism
- the primary texts of Theravada Buddhism
- levels in the final abode of the dead Pure Land
- levels of achievement in Buddhist monasticism
A: the primary texts of Theravada Buddhism

Q: What is the content of the Tibetan Book of the Dead?
- priestly funeral rites
- instructions for those between death and rebirth
- monastic instructions
- list of names of all deceased Tibetan monks
- list of names of monks who have reached nirvana
A: instructions for those between death and rebirth

Q: What does the term Kanjur identify?
- the Book of the Dead
- a book of Tibetan curses
- a book of the history of Tibet
- the life story of the Dalai Lama
- the Tibetan Buddhist canon
A: the Tibetan Buddhist canon

Q: What is contained in the Buddhacarita?
- the life story of the Buddha
- the life story of the Dalai Lama
- the early teachings of the Buddha
- relics of the Buddha
- copies of the Buddhist scriptures
A: the life story of the Buddha

Q: What is another name for the Theravada canon?
- Kanjur
- Tanjur
- Buddhacarita
- Tripitaka
- Bardo Thodol
A: Tripitaka

Q: What emphases of Mahayana Buddhism distinguished it from the Theravada?
- divine Buddha, rigorous monasticism
- human Buddha, lay participation
- human Buddha, rigorous monasticism
- divine Buddha, lay participation
- divine Buddha, rejection of monasticism
A: divine Buddha, lay participation

Q: What are the two major schools of Mahayana Buddhism?
- Madhyamika and Zen
- Yogochara and Zen
- Yogochara and Tantra
- Madhyamika and Yogachara
- Madhyamika and Tantra
A: Madhyamika and Yogachara

Q: What school of Buddhism emphasized the doctrine of Emptiness?
- Yogachara
- Tantra
- Zen
- Pure Land
- Madhyamika
A: Madhyamika