Title: Chapter 15
Course: Encountering Romans 2e

Q: Which of the following is NOT an argument Paul uses for God’s faithfulness to his promises in Romans 9–11?
- God’s promises never included all of Abraham’s biological descendants. (Refer P.150)
- God is preserving a remnant of Jewish believers at the present time. (Refer P.150)
- In rejecting his promised Messiah, Israel has nullified God’s promises to them. (Refer P.150)
- God will bring “all Israel” to salvation in the future. (Refer P.150)
A: In rejecting his promised Messiah, Israel has nullified God’s promises to them.

Q: The “root” in Paul’s olive tree metaphor (Rom. 11:17–24) most likely refers to
- Jewish believers (Refer P.155)
- Gentile believers (Refer P.155)
- God’s promises to the patriarchs (Refer P.155)
- The nation of Israel as a whole (Refer P.155)
A: God’s promises to the patriarchs

Q: According to Moo, when Paul says that “all Israel will be saved” (Rom. 11:26), “all Israel” probably refers to
- The people of Israel as a whole, as faithful adherents of the old covenant (Refer P.157)
- The church as the new Israel (Refer P.157)
- The remnant of faithful Israelites throughout time (Refer P.157)
- A significant number of Jews who will turn to Christ at a specific time in the future (Refer P.157)
A: A significant number of Jews who will turn to Christ at a specific time in the future

Q: When Paul says “God did not reject his people, whom he foreknew” (Rom. 11:2), “his people” refers to
- National Israel (Refer P.151)
- Jewish believers (Refer P.151)
- Gentile believers (Refer P.151)
- The church, consisting of Jewish and gentile believers (Refer P.151)
A: National Israel

Q: In Romans 11:1–5, Paul identifies himself as a representative of the remnant, comparing himself to what Old Testament figure?
- Abraham (Refer P.151)
- Moses (Refer P.151)
- Elijah (Refer P.151)
- Isaiah (Refer P.151)
A: Elijah

Q: For Paul, the primary characteristic of the remnant (Rom. 11:5–6) is
- God’s gracious election (Refer P.151)
- Obedience (Refer P.151)
- Resisting idolatry (Refer P.151)
- Faith (Refer P.151)
A: God’s gracious election

Q: Romans 11 speaks to a key pastoral concern in the Roman church, and is addressed primarily to
- Jewish Christians who look down on gentile Christians for failing to keep the law (Refer P.153)
- Jewish Christians who have doubts about their salvation (Refer P.153)
- Gentile Christians who have doubts about their place in God’s plans (Refer P.153)
- Gentile Christians who, forming a majority in the church, are tempted to look down on Jews (Refer P.153)
A: Gentile Christians who, forming a majority in the church, are tempted to look down on Jews

Q: According to Romans 11:13–14, why does Paul glorify his ministry to gentiles?
- Because their receptivity to the gospel contrasts with the Jews’ rejection of it (Refer P.154)
- Because this marks a major development in salvation history (Refer P.154)
- In the hopes that Jews will become jealous of the way that gentiles enjoy God’s blessing (Refer P.154)
- In the hopes that other Jewish Christians will follow his example of evangelism (Refer P.154)
A: In the hopes that Jews will become jealous of the way that gentiles enjoy God’s blessing

Q: By comparing the remnant to the “firstfruits” of a lump of dough (Rom. 11:16), what general principle is Paul making?
- The remnant is holy, even if the nation as a whole is not. (Refer P.155)
- Jewish and gentile believers are “kneaded together” to form one lump of dough. (Refer P.155)
- The existence of the remnant creates the expectation of greater blessing to come. (Refer P.155)
- The church was primarily Jewish but is now predominantly gentile. (Refer P.155)
A: The existence of the remnant creates the expectation of greater blessing to come.

Q: When Paul says that God will be “merciful to all” (Rom. 11:32), he is referring to “all kinds” of people, rather than every single person.
- True (Refer P.158)
- False (Refer P.158)
A: True

Q: According to Paul, though God has permanently hardened Israel, he has chosen to preserve a portion of Israel, the remnant. (False, p. 152)
- True (Refer P.152)
- False (Refer P.152)
A: False

Q: Though Paul does not see Judaism apart from Christ as a valid way to salvation, he also warns against spiritual pride.
- True (Refer P.155)
- False (Refer P.155)
A: True